It's pretty much in the name. Spotlight illuminates a spot in an area. So it's more of a specific coverage. Spotlights on PD cruisers illuminate house numbers, faces rather then a wide area. Floodlight covers a big area evenly. Stadiums use floodlights. Euro is a strong wide beam.
Here is a good read on beam patterns:
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The
Euro (Medium Beam) is designed to produce a very strong beam of light with wider coverage than the normal pattern. The Euro pattern can actually project its beam up to 1500 feet away, at a width of 250 feet! This pattern is designed to illuminate the side of the road, making it much easier to see pedestrians and street signs while driving. To achieve this, the Euro lenses are angled slightly up and to the right, with a 15 degree angle.
The
Flood (Wide Beam) is a much wider pattern than the Euro or Spot but has a significantly shorter reach. The width of the Flood pattern stretches up to 80 feet while it's reach extends up to 60 feet. The Flood pattern is very good for dispersing light and lighting up larger amounts of space with just one bulb. The flood beam is considered a wide angle pattern with a width of up to 80 feet and a reach of around 60 feet, with a 35 degree angle.
The
Spot (Narrow Beam) is a very concentrated pattern that is very narrow yet very long. Coming in at up to 10 feet wide and a 1000 foot beam reach. This pattern produces more of an intense center spot to light up objects right in front of you, while sacrificing useable side light. The Spot beam has an angle of 10 degrees.
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